ELECTROMAGNETIC (EM) METHODS IN EXPLORATION: ADVANTAGES AND CHALLENGES

Abstract

The study examined the importance of using Electromagnetic (EM) Methods for Exploration. The study also looked at the various challenges affecting effective usage of (EM). The study used secondary data. The secondary data were collected from both print and online publication. The study concluded that non-invasive and non-destructive nature, rapid data acquisition, sensitivity to conductivity variations, depth penetration and versatility, cost-effectiveness compared to conventional methods and integration with other geophysical methods are some of the advantages of using EM for exploration and mining. On the challenges of using EM for exploration, the study identified; complex subsurface geology. cultural and electromagnetic noise, limited depth resolution, sensitivity to environmental factors, high data processing and interpretation requirements, cost and equipment limitations and geological ambiguity. Based on the findings, the study recommends integration with complementary geophysical techniques, improved survey design and site selection, noise reduction and data filtering, regular calibration and instrument maintenance, capacity building and expert training, repeated and seasonal surveys and advancement and adoption of high-resolution EM technology.